![]() Increased calcium levels in the serum serve as a negative-feedback loop signaling the parathyroid glands to stop the release of PTH. As serum calcium levels drop, the secretion of PTH by the parathyroid gland increases. PTH effects are present in the bones, kidneys, and small intestines. In conjunction with calcitriol, PTH regulates calcium and phosphate. PTH facilitates the synthesis of active vitamin D, calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) in the kidneys. The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH), a polypeptide, in response to low calcium levels detected in the blood. The parathyroid gland is comprised of 4 small glands located posteriorly to the thyroid in the middle aspect of the anterior neck. In the blood, the sensitive process of calcium and phosphate homeostasis is maintained primarily by an appropriately functioning parathyroid gland.
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